Bipolar Medication Use and Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy Among Patients with HIV-AIDS and Bipolar Disorder

Objective:The study examined relationships between adherence to bipolar medication and to antiretroviral therapy, measured by medication fills, among patients with diagnoses of bipolar disorder and HIV infection. Methods:A retrospective study was conducted of Medicaid claims data (2001–2004) from eight states, focusing on antiretroviral adherence. The unit of analysis was person-month (N=53,971). The average observation period for the 1,687 patients was 32 months. Analyses controlled for several patient characteristics. Results:Patients possessed antiretroviral drugs in 72% of the person-months. When a bipolar medication prescription was filled in the prior month, the rate of antiretroviral possession in the subsequent month was 78%, compared with 65% when bipolar medication was not filled in the prior month (p<.001). Odds of antiretroviral possession were 66% higher in months when patients had a prior-month supply of bipolar medication. Conclusions:Bipolar medication adherence may improve antiretroviral adherence among patients with bipolar disorder and HIV infection.